Sunburn and melasma are two different skin conditions that can be caused by exposure to the sun. Sunburn is a burn to the skin caused by overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun. Melasma is a skin condition that causes dark patches to appear on the skin, usually on the face.
Sunburn Treatment
- Cool the Skin: Apply cool compresses or take a cool shower to reduce inflammation.
- Hydrate: Use a moisturizer or aloe vera gel to soothe and hydrate the skin.
- Pain Relief: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen can help with discomfort.
- Avoid Further Sun: Stay out of the sun until the burn heals.
- Protect: Once healed, use sunscreen daily to prevent future burns.
Melasma Treatment
- Sun Protection: This is crucial! Use broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher daily, even on cloudy days. Wear a hat and seek shade when possible.
- Topical Medications:
- Hydroquinone: Lightens dark spots (prescription required).
- Tretinoin: Increases skin cell turnover.
- Corticosteroids: Reduce inflammation.
- Combination Creams: Often combine the above ingredients.
- Azelaic Acid or Kojic Acid: Gentler lightening options.
- Procedures:
- Chemical Peels: Exfoliate the skin to improve tone.
- Microneedling: Stimulates collagen production.
- Laser Therapy: Targets melanin to lighten spots.